{"id":11463,"date":"2016-12-10T06:18:12","date_gmt":"2016-12-10T12:18:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/?p=11463"},"modified":"2016-12-10T17:02:13","modified_gmt":"2016-12-10T23:02:13","slug":"11463","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/?p=11463","title":{"rendered":"Datini \u015fi obiceiuri de Cr\u0103ciun \u00een Banat"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/a>

Maria cu Pruncul Sf\u00e2nt…<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n

Suntem \u00een preajma celor mai frumoase s\u0103rb\u0103tori cre\u015ftine de iarn\u0103, a s\u0103rb\u0103torilor p\u0103cii \u015fi ale dragostei, pline de misticism, de poezie \u015fi de bucurii, pentru toat\u0103 lu\u00admea cre\u015ftin\u0103.<\/p>\n

Peste c\u00e2teva zile, vom aniversa cu to\u0163ii, cu sufletele \u00een\u0103l\u0163ate \u015fi cur\u0103\u0163ite de orice sgur\u0103, na\u015fterea Aceluia<\/em>, care, propov\u0103\u00adduind pacea \u015fi dragostea \u00eentre oameni, a r\u0103scump\u0103rat, cu pre\u0163ul sublimelor sale jertfe, p\u0103catele \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103delegile lor.<\/p>\n

Cr\u0103ciunul este, prin excelen\u0163\u0103, una din\u00adtre cele mai poetice s\u0103rb\u0103tori ale noastre, s\u0103rb\u0103toarea cu atmosfer\u0103 de sf\u00e2nt\u0103 reculegere \u015fi de s\u0103n\u0103toase bucurii familiare, cu vechi \u015fi frumoase datini \u015fi obiceiuri cu profunde semnifica\u0163ii, care ni s’au trans\u00admis, \u00een cursul secolelor, din genera\u0163ie \u00een genera\u0163ie, ca \u015fi ni\u015fte scumpe comori su\u00adflete\u015fti \u015fi neperitoare dovezi despre tr\u0103i\u00adnicia neamului nostru rom\u00e2nesc pe aceste istorice meleaguri.<\/p>\n

Pretutindeni, \u00een toate casele familiilor cre\u015ftine, bogate \u015fi s\u0103race deopotriv\u0103, sfintele s\u0103rb\u0103tori ale Na\u015fterii Domnului sunt zile de odihn\u0103, \u00een care se \u00eengroap\u0103 durerile, suferin\u0163ele \u015fi luptele vr\u0103jma\u015fe \u015fi se fac sfor\u0163\u0103ri pentru purificarea suflete\u00adlor de povara cugetelor \u015fi faptelor care, \u00eendeosebi, \u00een vremurile noastre de azi, de \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2nt\u0103tor marasm moral, ne turbur\u0103 con\u015ftiin\u0163a, ne sleiesc for\u0163ele \u015fi ne distrug orice av\u00e2nt spre ideal.
\n<\/p>\n

Pe toate meleagurile Patriei noastre, bunii no\u015ftri Rom\u00e2ni ie\u015fi\u0163i, pentru c\u00e2teva zile, din m\u0103cini\u015ful fr\u0103m\u00e2nt\u0103rilor lor zilnice, se str\u0103duiesc s\u0103 revin\u0103, dup\u0103 posibilitate, la armonia vie\u0163ii cre\u015ftine de alt\u0103dat\u0103, s\u0103 guste, cu nesa\u0163, farmecul etern al obiceiurilor \u015fi al tradi\u0163iilor noas\u00adtre str\u0103mo\u015fe\u015fti, pline de mister \u015fi de sf\u00e2nt\u0103 poezie.<\/p>\n

\u2666<\/span><\/p>\n

Poporul nostru rom\u00e2nesc din Banat, \u00een\u00adzestrat cu o frumoas\u0103 \u015fi bogat\u0103 tradi\u0163ie, pr\u0103znuie\u015fte ziua Na\u015fterii Domnului, prin manifest\u0103ri religioase pline de demnitate \u015fi str\u0103lucire, av\u00e2nd multe datini \u015fi obice\u00adiuri p\u0103strate, cu sfin\u0163enie, din cele mai \u00eendep\u0103rtate vremuri ale fiin\u0163\u0103rii sale pe aceste frumoase meleaguri p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een ziua de azi.<\/p>\n

Din ansamblul neperitoarelor sale datini, credin\u0163e \u015fi obiceiuri de Cr\u0103ciun, amintim aici cele mai specifice. Astfel fru\u00admosul obiceiu al \u201epi\u0163\u0103reilor” (colinde\u0163ilor), practicat, \u00eendeosebi, pe la sate, \u00een dimi\u00adnea\u0163a Ajunului, de cete de copii, zgribu\u00adli\u0163i de frig, dar plini de emo\u0163ie, care p\u0103\u00adtrund, prin cea\u0163a dimine\u0163ii, \u00een cur\u0163ile cre\u015ftinilor, \u015fi strig\u0103 cu glasurile lor ar\u00adgintii:<\/p>\n

\u201eBun\u0103 ziua lui Ajun<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103’i mai bun\u0103 a lui Cr\u0103ciun,<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103-i cu miei, cu purcei,<\/em><\/span>
\nCu p\u0103storii dup\u0103 ei.<\/em><\/span>
\nD\u0103-ne poame, c\u0103 ni-e foame,<\/em><\/span>
\nD\u0103-ne nuci, c\u0103-s mai dulci.<\/em><\/span>
\nD\u0103-ne alune, c\u0103-s mai bune,<\/em><\/span>
\nD\u0103-ne col\u0103cei, c\u0103 ni-s pi\u021b\u0103rei.<\/em><\/span>
\nDeschide\u0163i u\u015fa , c\u0103 ne doare gu\u015fa.<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103 de-asar\u0103 ni-s tot p’afar\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nL\u0103sa\u021bi-ne’n cas\u0103, c\u0103 ni-s c\u00e2te \u015fas\u0103”.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Versurile dr\u0103g\u0103la\u015fe \u015fi t\u0103r\u0103g\u0103nate ale pi\u0163\u0103reilor, care anun\u0163\u0103, at\u00e2t de frumos, sosirea s\u0103rb\u0103torilor, \u00eempr\u0103\u015ftie, pretutindeni, senin\u0103tate, veselie \u015fi mul\u0163umire sufleteasc\u0103. Micii pi\u0163\u0103rei sunt a\u015ftepta\u0163i de to\u0163i bunii cre\u015ftini cu mare bucurie \u015fi primesc, pen\u00adtru ur\u0103rile lor, mere, gutui, nuci, alune, colaci, c\u00e2rna\u021bi \u015fi alte bun\u0103t\u0103\u0163i.<\/p>\n

Acest vechi \u015fi frumos obicei, \u00een multe locuri, e pe cale de dispari\u0163ie.<\/p>\n

Se men\u0163ine, \u00eens\u0103, cu toat\u0103 persisten\u0163a, \u00eempotriva tuturor inova\u0163iilor \u015fi a vitregiei vremurilor, obiceiul colindelor<\/em>, care, at\u00e2t prin importan\u0163a poetic\u0103 a c\u00e2ntecelor, c\u00e2t \u015fi prin cea muzical\u0103, constitue unul din\u00ad tre cele mai frumoase obiceiuri ale popo\u00adrului nostru b\u0103n\u0103\u0163ean.<\/p>\n

Acest obiceiu profund impresionant, prac\u00adticat, cu at\u00e2ta sfin\u0163enie, pe toate melea\u00adgurile locuite de Rom\u00e2ni, la noi, \u00een Banat, este, par’c\u0103 de-o vraj\u0103 neobi\u015fnuit\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 seam\u0103n.<\/p>\n

Sufletul poporului rom\u00e2n b\u0103n\u0103\u0163ean ce se t\u00e2nguie \u00een doine de frumuse\u0163i incompa\u00adrabile, cu adev\u0103rat divine, a \u015ftiut s\u0103 dea \u00een seria lung\u0103 a secolelor tr\u0103ite pe aceste istorice plaiuri, \u015fi colindelor, o nuan\u0163\u0103, un farmec deosebit.<\/p>\n

In toate satele noastre b\u0103n\u0103\u0163ene, s\u0103rb\u0103\u00adtoarea Na\u015fterii Domnului se anun\u0163\u0103, ca \u015fi un rar eveniment, cu mult entuziasm \u015fi voie bun\u0103, de cei mai buni \u015fi iste\u0163i c\u00e2n\u00adt\u0103re\u0163i ai satelor, prin colinde de frumu\u00adse\u0163i poetice \u015fi muzicale ne\u00eentrecute.<\/p>\n

\u015ei e firesc s\u0103 fie a\u015fa, deoarece Banatul este, prin excelen\u0163\u0103, \u0163ara c\u00e2ntecului<\/em>, unde \u201ec\u00e2nt\u0103 tot natu”<\/em>. Astfel se explic\u0103 de ce, \u00een cele mai multe sate, unde exist\u0103 coruri bine organizate, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 p\u00e2lcurile obi\u015f\u00adnui\u0163ilor colind\u0103tori, mai ai ocazia s\u0103 auzi colind\u00e2nd, \u00een seara de Ajun, \u2014 \u00een\u00addeosebi pe la casele frunta\u015filor satelor, \u2014 \u015fi coruri puternice, compuse din 20\u201440 de c\u00e2nt\u0103re\u0163i, cari, \u00eenfrunt\u00e2nd toate vicisi\u00adtudinile, toate obstacolele iernii: gerul, criv\u0103\u0163ul sau troieni de z\u0103pad\u0103, \u00eempr\u0103\u015ftie, prin c\u00e2ntecele lor divine, \u00een lini\u015ftea serii de Ajun, at\u00e2ta via\u0163\u0103 senin\u0103, at\u00e2tea iluzii \u015fi n\u0103dejdi \u00eentr’o nou\u0103 via\u0163\u0103 de dragoste \u015fi iertare…<\/p>\n

In ora\u015fele noastre: Timi\u015foara, Lugoj, Caransebe\u015f, Oravi\u021ba, Re\u015fi\u0163a, Boc\u015fa, cu vestitele lor coruri c’o existen\u0163\u0103 de multe decenii, ai prilejul s\u0103 asi\u015fti la concerte superbe, compuse numai din colinde de Cr\u0103ciun…<\/p>\n

Nu cred ca s\u0103 existe suflare rom\u00e2neas\u00adc\u0103 care, auzind colind\u00e2nd aceste coruri, s\u0103 nu tresalte, s\u0103 nu vibreze de sf\u00e2nt\u0103 emo\u00ad\u0163ie. Ai impresia, parc\u0103 o for\u0163\u0103 misterioas\u0103 te smulge din zbuciumul clocotitor al vie\u00ad\u0163ii pline de miazme \u015fi te \u00eenal\u0163\u0103 sus… sus de tot, spre cer, spre lumin\u0103, spre un din\u00adcolo pur \u015fi etern, unde nu este nici durere, nici sc\u00e2rb\u0103, nici suspinare, ci via\u0163\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 de sf\u00e2r\u015fit,..<\/p>\n

Consider\u00e2nd rara frumuse\u0163\u0103 a acestor colinde, at\u00e2t din punct de vedere poetic, c\u00e2t \u015fi muzical, \u0163in se reproduc, aici, c\u00e2teva din cele mai caracteristice, care se c\u00e2nt\u0103, aproape pretutindeni \u00een Banat.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Scula\u021bi, scula\u0163i boeri mori<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe!<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103 v\u0103 vin colind\u0103tori<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nNoaptea pe la cantatori<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nSi nu v\u0103 vin nici cu un r\u0103u<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nCi v\u0103 aduc pe Dumnezeu<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nS\u0103 v\u0103 m\u00e2ntue de r\u0103u<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nUn Dumnezeu nou n\u0103scu<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nIn scutece \u00eenv\u0103lit<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nScula\u021bi voi Rom\u00e2ni plugari<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103 pe cer s’a ar\u0103tat<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nUn luceaf\u0103r luminat<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nInima s\u0103 \u00eent\u0103reasc\u0103<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nOamenii s\u0103-i \u00eenfr\u0103\u021beasc\u0103<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u00e2nt\u0103’n lunc\u0103 p\u0103s\u0103rele<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nLa ferestre r\u00e2ndunele<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nNoi v\u0103 zicem s\u0103 tr\u0103i\u021bi<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00centru mul\u021bi ani ferici\u021bi<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nSi ca pomii s\u0103 rodi\u021bi<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span>
\nSi ca ei s\u0103 ‘mb\u0103tr\u00e2ni\u021bi<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Florile dalbe !<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Asta’i seara, seara mare,<\/em><\/span>
\nDoamne dai Domnului Doamne<\/em><\/span>
\nSeara mare-a lui Ajun,<\/em><\/span>
\nDiminea\u0163a lui Cr\u0103ciun.<\/em><\/span>
\n…………………………………<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

De trei miluri de p\u0103m\u00e2nt.<\/em><\/span>
\nUnde se na\u015fte fiul sf\u00e2nt,<\/em><\/span>
\nNu te po\u021bi apropia<\/em><\/span>
\nDe fumul t\u0103m\u00e2ielor,<\/em><\/span>
\nDe para f\u0103cliilor,<\/em><\/span>
\nDe mirosul florilor,<\/em><\/span>
\nDe c\u00e2ntecul \u00eengerilor.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ce sear\u0103-i de ast\u0103 sear\u0103 ?<\/em><\/span>
\nDoamne dai Domnului Doamne,<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103-i seara n\u0103scutului.<\/em><\/span>
\nSa n\u0103scut un domn t\u00e2n\u0103r,<\/em><\/span>
\nDin iesle de boi n\u0103\u015ftea,<\/em><\/span>
\nPe’mparo\u015fi f\u0103clii d’ardea<\/em><\/span>
\nDomnul limba si dob\u00e2ndea,<\/em><\/span>
\nRupse – un domn bun \u015fi-mi gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n“Dar\u0103 voi colind\u0103tori,<\/em><\/span>
\nVoi d’umbla\u021bi d’a colinda,<\/em><\/span>
\nPomeni\u021bi na\u015fterea mea;<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103ci eu v\u0103 voi d\u0103rui,<\/em><\/span>
\nD’un dar mare \u015fi frumos”.<\/em><\/span>
\nMai v\u00e2rtos Isus Christos<\/em><\/span>
\nS\u0103 v\u0103 fie de folos.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Umbl\u0103 maica dup\u0103 fiu,<\/em><\/span>
\nSora soarelui, raza soarelui!<\/em><\/span>
\nTot pl\u00e2ng\u00e2nd \u015fi \u00eentreb\u00e2nd:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “N’a\u021bi v\u0103zut pe fiul sf\u00e2nt?<\/em><\/span>
\n– “Noi de l-am fi \u015fi v\u0103zut,<\/em><\/span>
\nA-l cunoa\u015fte n’am putut”.<\/em><\/span>
\n– Dac\u0103 cumva l-a\u021bi v\u0103zut,<\/em><\/span>
\nA-l cunoa\u015fte a\u021bi putut,<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103ci pe fa\u021ba fiului<\/em><\/span>
\nScris\u0103-i raza soarelui,<\/em><\/span>
\nSi \u00een frunte lun\u0103 plin\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nLun\u0103 plin\u0103 cu lumin\u0103.<\/em><\/span>
\nD’ar\u0103 p’a lui umerei,<\/em><\/span>
\nStr\u0103lucesc luceferei”.<\/em><\/span>
\n– “Maic\u0103, dac\u0103 e a\u015fa,<\/em><\/span>
\nNoi \u00ee\u021bi d\u0103m o \u015ftire rea,<\/em><\/span>
\nC\u0103-i la curtea lui Pilat,<\/em><\/span>
\nR\u0103stignit pe lemn de brad”.<\/em><\/span>
\nMaica pl\u00e2nge \u015fi s\u0103 fr\u00e2nge,<\/em><\/span>
\nInima-i ‘noat\u0103 \u00een s\u00e2nge.<\/em><\/span>
\nFii tu, Maic\u0103, bucuroas\u0103<\/em><\/span>
\nDe colinda ast’a noastr\u0103.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a05.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Plec\u0103 Lina la f\u00e2nt\u00e2n\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nDalian\u0103 fat\u0103 d’alb\u0103!<\/em><\/span>
\nLa f\u00e2nt\u00e2n\u0103 prin gr\u0103din\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nCu c\u00e2rcegile \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nCu c\u00e2rcege z\u00e2r\u0103ind,<\/em><\/span>
\nCu cizmu\u021be tropotind;<\/em><\/span>
\nCu c\u0103tr\u00e2n\u021ba l\u0103n\u021buind,<\/em><\/span>
\nM\u00e2neci largi v\u00e2ntu-\u015fi tr\u0103g\u00e2nd.<\/em><\/span>
\nLa f\u00e2nt\u00e2na-mi d’ajungea,<\/em><\/span>
\nSi pe piatra f\u00e2nt\u00e2nei,<\/em><\/span>
\nEst’ trei juni, trei b\u0103lu\u015fei.<\/em><\/span>
\nLucru mare ce-mi lucra:<\/em><\/span>
\nD’unul trei pene-mi scria,<\/em><\/span>
\nD’unul murgu-‘\u015fi potcovea,<\/em><\/span>
\nD’unul suli\u021b\u0103 ‘mpistrea,<\/em><\/span>
\nSi din grai a\u015fa gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “D\u0103-mi, Ilean\u0103 m\u0103rul t\u0103u,<\/em><\/span>
\nM\u0103rul t\u0103u din s\u00e2nul t\u0103u!”<\/em><\/span>
\nIleana din grai gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “Ce-ai, june, cu m\u0103rul meu,<\/em><\/span>
\nVe\u015ftejite-ai tu ca el,<\/em><\/span>
\nTu ca el \u00een s\u00e2nul meu!”<\/em><\/span>
\nCel-ce murgu-‘\u015fi potcovea,<\/em><\/span>
\nEl din grai a\u015fa-‘mi gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “D\u0103-mi Ilean’, inelul t\u0103u!”<\/em><\/span>
\nIleana din grai gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “Ce-ai, june cu inelul meu?<\/em><\/span>
\nPetrecete-ai tu prin el,<\/em><\/span>
\nCa acest mic dege\u021bel!”.<\/em><\/span>
\nCel-ce pene mi-\u015fi scria,<\/em><\/span>
\nEl din grai a\u015fa-‘mi gr\u0103ia:<\/em><\/span>
\n– “D\u0103-mi, Ilean\u0103, partea ta”<\/em><\/span>
\n– “Ce-ai, june cu partea mea?<\/em><\/span>
\nCununa-te-ai-tu cu ea,<\/em><\/span>
\nTu cu ea, cu doamn\u0103-sa?”<\/em><\/span>
\nSi fii, fiico, s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nSi na\u015fterea lui Cristos,<\/em><\/span>
\nS\u0103 v\u0103 fie de folos!<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Toate aceste colinde fermec\u0103toare ves\u00adtesc bucuria zilei sfinte \u015fi fac s\u0103 r\u0103sune casele primitoare ale cre\u015ftinilor cari, cu lacrimile fericirii \u00een ochi, mul\u0163umesc Atot\u00adputernicului pentruc\u0103 i-a \u00eenvrednicit s\u0103 ajung\u0103 aceast\u0103 sear\u0103 mare<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u2666<\/span><\/p>\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 colind\u0103tori, Na\u015fterea Domnu\u00adlui, o mai vestesc \u00een Banat, ca \u015fi aiurea, \u015fi glasurile de clopo\u0163ei argintii ale copi\u00adla\u015filor cari umbl\u0103 prin troenele de z\u0103pa\u00add\u0103 \u015fi v\u00e2rtejul viscolului, din cas\u0103 \u00een cas\u0103, cu steaua<\/em> (o stea frumoas\u0103 cu col\u00ad\u0163uri, \u00eempodobit\u0103 cu h\u00e2rtii colorate) \u015fi c\u00e2n\u00adt\u0103 cu mult\u0103 emo\u0163ie :<\/p>\n

O, ce veste minunat\u0103<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00cen Vitleem ni s’arat\u0103<\/em><\/span>
\nC’a n\u0103scut prunc<\/em><\/span>
\nDin duhul Sf\u00e2nt, Fecioara curat\u0103.<\/em><\/span>
\nMerg\u00e2nd Iosif cu Maria<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00cen Vitleem s\u0103 se scrie,<\/em><\/span>
\n\u00centr’un s\u0103las, l\u00e2ng\u0103 oras<\/em><\/span>
\nA n\u0103scut pe Cristos.<\/em><\/span>
\nPe fiul cel din vecie,<\/em><\/span>
\nCe l-a trimis Tat\u0103l mie,<\/em><\/span>
\nEa s\u0103-l nasc\u0103, el s\u0103 creasc\u0103,<\/em><\/span>
\nS\u0103 ne m\u00e2ntuiasc\u0103.<\/em><\/span>
\nP\u0103storii v\u0103z\u00e2nd o zare<\/em><\/span>
\nDin cer o lumin\u0103 mare,<\/em><\/span>
\nEi fluerau, \u00cengerii c\u00e2ntau<\/em><\/span>
\nCu to\u021bii se bucurau.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Steaua reprezint\u0103 na\u015fterea lui Isus \u00een iesle \u015fi pe cei trei magi dela r\u0103s\u0103rit, dinpreun\u0103 cu p\u0103storii fermeca\u0163i de apari\u0163ia cereasc\u0103. In glasurile pi\u0163ig\u0103iate ale copii\u00adlor zgribuli\u0163i de ger r\u0103sun\u0103 izb\u00e2nda \u015fi n\u0103dejdea vie\u0163ii, triumful celor ve\u015fnice asupra celor m\u0103runte, trec\u0103toare.<\/p>\n

\u00abNoului N\u0103scut\u00bb<\/em> vin, apoi, s\u0103 se \u00eenchine \u015fi cei trei crai (magi) dela R\u0103s\u0103rit, pe cari Irod \u00eei ispite\u015fte, dorind s\u0103 afle unde s’a n\u0103scut Isus. Aceste \u00eenscen\u0103ri sunt cu\u00ad noscute sub numirea de \u201eVicleim”<\/em> sau \u00abIrozi\u00bb<\/em>, prin care ni se reprezint\u0103 na\u015fte\u00adrea M\u00e2ntuitorului, sosirea magilor \u00een lungi mantale orientale \u015fi primirea pe care le-o face lor Irod.<\/p>\n

In noaptea \u015fi ziua Cr\u0103ciunului, \u00een unele sate, este obiceiul de-a umbla cu \u00abCerbu\u0163ul\u00bb<\/em> \u015fi cu \u00ab\u021aurca\u00bb<\/em> (\u021aurca, Capra sau Breaza). \u201eCerbu\u0163ul” are forma unui cap de cerb, \u00eempodobit cu dou\u0103 coarne, iar \u201e\u021aurca” a unui cap de pasere, c’un cioc lat \u015fi lung de lemn. At\u00e2t capul, c\u00e2t \u015fi ciocul sunt ascunse sub o p\u00e2nz\u0103tur\u0103. Fl\u0103c\u0103ii, cari joac\u0103 \u201eCerbu\u0163ul” sau ,,Turca”, sunt ascun\u015fi sub p\u00e2nz\u0103 \u015fi fac mult haz, \u00eenveselind pe st\u0103p\u00e2nii caselor \u015fi, \u00eendeosebi, pe copiii lor.<\/p>\n

\u2666<\/span><\/p>\n

Din diferitele datini \u015fi credin\u0163e de Cr\u0103\u00adciun ale Rom\u00e2nilor b\u0103n\u0103\u0163eni, amintim cele mai cunoscute \u015fi mai generalizate. Astfel : datina de-a a\u015fterne pe jos, sau pe mas\u0103, \u00een ziua de Cr\u0103ciun, paie sau f\u00e2n, cu sco\u00adpul de-a evoca, celor din cas\u0103, pe\u015fterea din Vitleem, locul Na\u015fterii Domnului.<\/p>\n

Este \u00een interesul tineretului adult: fete \u015fi feciori, care doresc s\u0103 fie frumo\u015fi, s\u0103 p\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 ocazia, \u00een noaptea zilei sfinte, c\u00e2nd bate pentru prima dat\u0103 clopotul la biseric\u0103, s\u0103 alerge, imediat, la vre-un iz\u00ad vor, p\u00e2r\u0103u, sau f\u00e2nt\u00e2n\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 se spele cei dint\u00e2i, cu ap\u0103 proasp\u0103t\u0103, neatins\u0103 de nimeni.<\/p>\n

Este, apoi, foarte interesant\u0103 \u015fi l\u0103\u0163it\u0103 datina \u201emenirii” (destin\u0103rii) col\u0103ceilor, c\u00e2rna\u0163ilor \u015fi a altor m\u00e2nc\u0103ri pe seama mor\u0163ilor casei. Anume, \u00een ziua de Cr\u0103ciun, \u00eenainte de mas\u0103, o anumita femeie, care \u00eenc\u0103 n’a m\u00e2ncat nimic (numit\u0103 \u201efemeie menitoare”), a\u015feaz\u0103 pe o mas\u0103 diferite m\u00e2nc\u0103ri, de preferin\u0163\u0103 col\u0103cei, c\u00e2rna\u021bi \u015f. a., pe care le t\u0103m\u00e2iaz\u0103 de trei ori, cu mult\u0103 evlavie, ocolind masa \u015fi rostind \u201eTat\u0103l nostru”. Mene\u015fte apoi, r\u00e2nd pe r\u00e2nd, fiecare col\u0103cei sau c\u00e2rna\u0163, mor\u0163ilor, zic\u00e2nd \u015fi ar\u0103t\u00e2nd cu m\u00e2na: \u201e\u0103sta s\u0103 fie a mamei Br\u00e2ndu\u015fa, \u0103sta al tatei Sofronie \u0103stalalt al m\u0103tu\u015fei Iconia \u015f. a.”. Termi\u00adn\u00e2nd cu \u201emenirea”<\/em>, a\u015feaz\u0103 toate m\u00e2nc\u0103\u00adrile menite<\/em> \u00eentr’un co\u015f \u015fi le \u00eemparte, cu mult\u0103 satisfac\u0163ie ca \u015fi poman\u0103, mor\u0163ilor casei, d\u00e2nd, \u00eendeosebi, s\u0103racilor, apoi ru\u00addelor \u015fi vecinilor.<\/p>\n

Se mai obi\u015fnue\u015fte s\u0103 se serveasc\u0103 la mas\u0103, pretutindenea, \u00een ziua de Cr\u0103ciun, ca \u015fi \u00eent\u00e2ia m\u00e2ncare, varz\u0103, sarmale um\u00adplute cu carne de porc, t\u0103iat \u00een ziua lui Ignat<\/em> (ziua de 20 Decembrie a Mucenicului Ignat, serbat\u0103 cu repaus, nelucrare). Aceast\u0103 m\u00e2ncare nu lipse\u015fte \u00een nici o familie rom\u00e2neasc\u0103. Dup\u0103 mas\u0103, \u00een ziua \u00eent\u00e2ia de Cr\u0103ciun, femeile dela \u0163ar\u0103, caut\u0103 s\u0103-\u015fi arate, de obiceiu, cons\u0103tenilor, iscu\u00adsin\u0163a \u015fi h\u0103rnicia \u00een \u0163esut \u015fi \u00een lucrul de m\u00e2n\u0103, c\u0103r\u00e2ndu-se, prin sat, cu tr\u0103sura sau sania, \u00eempodobit\u0103 cu cele mai frumoase covoare (ponevi) ie\u015fite din m\u00e2inile lor.<\/p>\n

A doua zi de Cr\u0103ciun este rezervat\u0103 pentru na\u015fi. Finii \u00eembr\u0103ca\u0163i \u00een haine fru\u00admoase de s\u0103rb\u0103toare, duc cadou na\u015filor lor, de preferin\u0163\u0103: colaci f\u0103cu\u0163i din f\u0103in\u0103 alb\u0103 \u015fi c\u00e2rnati, sau costi\u0163e de porc. Na\u015fii \u00eei a\u015fteapt\u0103 cu mult\u0103 dragoste \u015fi voie bu\u00adn\u0103 \u015fi-i osp\u0103teaz\u0103, mul\u0163umindu-le pentru cadourile aduse.<\/p>\n

Ziua a treia de Cr\u0103ciun este destinat\u0103 Sf\u00e2ntului \u015etefan, patronului familiilor \u015fi se serbeaz\u0103 cu mare fast.<\/p>\n

\u2666 \u25ca \u2666<\/span><\/p>\n

Toate aceste duioase \u015fi fermec\u0103toare datini, obiceiuri \u015fi credin\u0163e alc\u0103tuesc, in\u00adcontestabil, una din cele mai frumoase co\u00admori suflete\u015fti ale poporului nostru b\u0103n\u0103\u00ad\u0163ean; adev\u0103ratul s\u0103u capital de bunuri su\u00adflete\u015fti, p\u0103strat cu at\u00e2ta sfin\u0163enie, \u00een cursul veacurilor de grea cump\u0103n\u0103 a existen\u0163ei sale.<\/p>\n

P\u0103strarea \u015fi transmiterea lor, din gene\u00adra\u0163ie \u00een genera\u0163ie, \u2014 \u015fi ‘n unele locuri re\u00een\u00advierea lor \u2014 este o sf\u00e2nt\u0103 datorie a noas\u00adtr\u0103 a tuturora, a celor ce sim\u0163im vibr\u00e2nd \u00een noi grija pentru men\u0163inerea nealterat\u0103 a fiin\u0163ei \u015fi a specificului poporului nostru ro\u00adm\u00e2nesc.<\/p>\n

Numai \u015fi numai prin ele tr\u0103iesc \u00een noi \u015fi vor tr\u0103i, pururea, \u00een toate sufletele gene\u00adra\u0163iilor viitoare ale Neamului, sufletele cinstite ale genera\u0163iilor apuse, care s’au n\u0103zuit, la r\u00e2ndul \u015fi timpul lor, s\u0103 ni le p\u0103streze \u015fi transmit\u0103 c\u00e2t mai frumoase \u015fi curate, cu tot farmecul, misticismul \u015fi ori\u00adginalitatea lor.<\/p>\n

Cuvine-se, deci, s\u0103 le p\u0103str\u0103m \u015fi culti\u00adv\u0103m \u015fi noi cu toat\u0103 dragostea \u015fi sfin\u0163enia !<\/p>\n

Dr. A. E. PETEANU<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Suntem \u00een preajma celor mai frumoase s\u0103rb\u0103tori cre\u015ftine de iarn\u0103, a s\u0103rb\u0103torilor p\u0103cii \u015fi ale dragostei, pline de misticism, de poezie \u015fi de bucurii, pentru toat\u0103 lu\u00admea cre\u015ftin\u0103. Peste c\u00e2teva zile, vom aniversa cu to\u0163ii, cu sufletele \u00een\u0103l\u0163ate \u015fi cur\u0103\u0163ite de orice sgur\u0103, na\u015fterea Aceluia, care, propov\u0103\u00adduind pacea \u015fi dragostea \u00eentre oameni, a r\u0103scump\u0103rat, cu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-de-craciun"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/s3OdDs-11463","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11463"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11502,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11463\/revisions\/11502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.miscarea.net\/w\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}